Fluid-pressure-operated tool.



No. 706,688. Patented Aug. l2, I902.

J. V. W. BEYNDERS & W. T. SEARS.

FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED TOOL.

(Application filed. July 17, 1901.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l..

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Patented Aug. l2, I902. J'. V. W. ,REY'NDERS & W. T. SEARS.

FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED TOOL.

(Application filed July 17, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 706,688. Patented Aug. l2, I902.

J. V. W. BEYNDEBS & W. T SEARS.

FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED TQOL.

(Application filed July 17, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

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V v JOHN V. W. REYNDERS ANDWVILLARD T. SEARS, F HARRISBURG, VPENNSYLVANIA.

FLUlDePRESSURE-OPERATED TDCL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,688, datedAugusti12, 1902. Application filed July 17, 1901. set-n1 No. cases. onmodel-J v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OBIN V. W. REYNDER and WILLARD T. SEARS, citizensof the United States, and residents of Harrisburg, Pennsyl- Vania, haveinvented certain Improvements in Fluid-Pressure-Operated Tools, of whichthe following is a specification.

Our invention relates to certain improvements in feeding devices fordrills and other cutting-tools where .it is desired to feed at a givenpressure.

The object of our invention is to provide a fluid-pressure-feedingdevice which will be simple in construction and which will feed thedrill or other tool steadily at any desired pressure and which willquickly return the drill or other tool, a special feature of theinvention residing in the fact that the pressure in one direction isthat of an inelastic fluid, while the pressure in the other direction isthat of an elastic fluid.

Our invention is especially applicable to metal-drilling tools; butitwill be understood that it can be applied to any tool or machine inwhich it is desired to feed the tool at a given pressure.

In the-accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional diagram viewillustrating one form of apparatus for carrying our invention intoefiect. Figs. 2 and 3 are diagram views showing the valves of Fig. 1turned to different positions. Fig. 4 is a sectional diagram viewshowing a form of apparatus in which direct air-pressure is used to feedthe tool forward and the speed is controlled by liquid, and

. Fig. dis a sectional diagram view in which terweight.

the tool'is fed forward directly by liquid under pressure and the toolreturned by coun- Referring in the first instance teFigs. 1, 2, and 3, Ais a working cylinder. In this cylinder is a piston B, having apiston-rod B, connected to the spindle O. This spindle has at its lowerend a drill c or other tool. In the present instance the drill-spindle G"is con nected to the piston-rod so that it will turn freely thereon;but its longitudinal movement is under the control of the piston'anditsred. The spindle C is mounted in a frame A, which in the presentinstance is suspended fromthe working cylinder A, and a drivingpulley Ghas a key which enters a spline in the spindle, whereby the spindle isrotated.

The details of this part of the apparatus can be considerably modifiedwithout departing from the essential-features of our invention, whichrelates particularly to the method of feeding the spindle to and fromthe work. At one side of the working cylinder A in the present instanceis an oil-reservoir D. In this oilreservoir is a piston E, andprojecting from the piston is a plunger. E, which enters a reducedcylindrical portion D of the oilreservoir, which constitutes a cylinderin which the plunger E can work. At this point it may be well to statethat the diameters of the working cylinder, reservoir, and the chamherin which the plunger E works may be varied according to the work to beaccomplished and the character and the design of the machine.

F is a controlling-valve mounted in the easing F. A pipe (1 extends from'thevalve-casing F to the upper portion of the working cylinder A, andanother pipe d extends from the upper end of the cylinder D to thevalvecasing F at a point directly opposite the pipe a. Connected to thecasing is an,air or fluid pipe f, and directly opposite the air or fluidpipe is an exhaust-pipe f, the air or fluid pipe f being connected toany suitable air or fluid pressure device. V

The valve F is so constructed that it will either allow air or fluid toflow to the working cylinder A and open the cylinder D to the exhaust oropen the cylinder A to exhaust and the cylinder D to'air or fluid, asshown in Figs. 2 and 3.

' G is a passage leading from the lower end of the reservoir D to the.lower portion of the working cylinder A. In this passage is a valve-seatg, and a valve g is mounted to close against this seat when desired. Anadjusting-screw raises the valve g from the seat g to any desiredextent, and a screwh', mounted above the valve in the present instance,serves to limit the opening of the valve. This construction allows tor aslow forward feed of the piston B and its drill, as the oil can onlypass-slowly between the valve g and its seat, and thence. into thereservoir D; but when the piston B and itsdrill are retracted the valveg is forced open against the screw it, so that the oil will have a freeflow through the passage and the return movement can be quicklyeffected.

In order to stop the feed of the drill at any point, we provide a valve1, which is mounted in the passage G and can be simply a valve whichwill either open or close the said passage. This valve can beindependently operated or may be connected to the controllingvalve F, inwhich case the valve I is made in the form shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,and the passage G has ports g g g to con form to the valve, so that whenthe valve is in the posi- 'tion shown in Fig. 1 the liquid can pass fromthe port g through the valve-casing to the port g, or when the valve ismoved to the position shown in Fig. 2 the valve closes both ports g and9 or when in the position shown in Fig. 3 the port 9 is in communicationwith the port g We preferably connect the operating-arms of the twovalves F and I by a rod I, so that the operator can move both valvesthrough one rod.

The operation of this device is as follows: lVhen the parts are in theposition shown in Fig. 1, fluid is admitted under pressure to theworking cylinder above the .piston B, and the oil or other liquid is inthe working cylinder A below the piston and in the reservoir D, and aspressure is applied to the piston the oil gradually escapes through thepassage G into the reservoir D, the piston 1E being elevated, as thepipe 61 is open to the exhaust. If it is wished to stop the movement ofthe piston B at any point, the valve-rodis operated to move the valves Fand I to the posi tion shown in Fig. 2, and if it is desired to returnthe piston the valves are moved to the position shown in Fig. 3, whenthe space in the working cylinder A above the piston B will be open tothe exhaust, while fluid under pressure will be admitted to the cylinderD, forcing the oil from the reservoir D through the passage G into theworking cylinder under the piston B, the valve g being elevated in thisinstance, so as to allow the oil to freely flow into the workingcylinder. Th us we provide a slow forward feed during the cutting and aquick return.

In some instances the valve I maybe dispensed with, as shown in Fig. 4,and the reservoir may be connected directly to the valvechamber F,dispensing with the piston E and its plunger E.

In Fig. 5 we have shown another modification in which the piston and itsdrill are returned by a counterbalance-weight H, connected by a chain tothe piston-rod. In this instance instead of having air in the workingcylinder above the piston B oil or other liquid is used and the passageG communieating with the oil-reservoir, is connected to a verticalpassage G, which opens into the upper portion of the working cylinder.The

controlling-valve and the stop-valve of this modification are similar tothose described in referring to Fig. 1 and are so designed as to operatein the same manner.

In operating the device shown in Fig. 5 the valves are turned, as shownin said figure, so as to admit oil or other liquid to the space abovethe piston 13 Within the working cylinder, and as the oil passes fromthe reservoir to the working cylinder it can flow slowly past the valveg, the valve-casing Fin this case being only connected to theoil-reservoir H. When it is desired to return the piston and its tool,the valve F is turned so that the upper portion of the oil-reservoirwill'be open to the exhaust, when the oil will flow from'the workingcylinder through the passage G G into the oil-reservoir, and thecounterweight H will quickly return the piston and its tool as the valveg is raised to its limit.

e claim as our invention 1. The combination of a liquid-reservoir, acylinder containing a piston, a tool operatively connected to saidpiston, means whereby fluid-pressure may be exerted upon liquid in thereservoir or upon the piston at will, and a structure connecting thereservoir and the cylinder whereby the liquid in the reservoir may bemade to act upon the piston, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a liquid-reservoir, a cylinder containing apiston, a tool operatively connected to said piston, means wherebyfluid-pressure may be exerted upon liquid in the reservoir or upon thepiston at will, and a conduit connecting the reservoir and the cylinder,said conduit being provided with mechanism permitting free flow ofliquid in one direction but restricting said flow when the liquid movesin an opposite direction, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a drill or other tool with a feeding devicetherefor, the same comprising a cylinder having within it a piston, aliquid-reservoir, means for subjecting the liquid in said reservoir tothe pressure of an elastic fluid, means for operatively connecting theliquid-reservoir and the piston-cylinder whereby said liquid under thepressure of said fluid may be caused to act upon one side of the pistonto move it in one direction, with means for connecting the portion ofthe cylinder on the other side of the piston with the source of fluidunder pressure, whereby said piston may be moved in the oppositedirection, the said tool being free to turn independently of the piston,substantially as described.

4. The combination of a drill or other tool, with a feeding devicetherefor comprising a cylinder with .piston therein, fluid-pressureapparatus and communication between said fluid-pressure apparatus andthe piston-cylinder, said communication presenting a restricted area toflow in one direction and a greater area to flow in the oppositedirection, substantially as described.

upon the other side of the I 5. The combination of a drill or othertool, with a feeding device therefor comprising a cylinder with pistontherein, a liquid-reservoir, means for subjecting the liquid in saidreservoir to the pressure of an elasticfiuid, a

communication between said liquid-reservoir at one side of the pistonand means for exerting the pressure of the elastic fluid directlypiston, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a drill or other tool with a feeding devicetherefor comprising'a cylinder having in it a piston means for exertingfluid-pressu re upon said piston to move the tool, and an automaticvalve in the fluidpressure-supply pipe whereby the area of said pipe isnormally restricted 'when the fluidpressure is exerted in one direction,but is open to its full extent when pressure is exerted in the oppositedirection, substantially as described.

7. The combination of a drill or other tool with a feeding deviceconsisting of a piston and a cylinder therefor, fluid-pressureapparatus, means for operatively connecting said fluid-pressureapparatus and the piston-cylinder, and a Valve for use in connectionwith said means, said valve being constructed to be automatically movedby changes in the direction of flow of thefluid under pressure, beingthereby made to occupy two extreme positions, one of which restricts theflow of said fluid to a greater extent than theother, substantially asdescribed.

8. The combination of a drill or other tool. with a working cylinder, apiston in said cylinder to which the tool is attached, a reservoir,means for connecting the reservoir and the working cylinder, anautomatic valve within said means, means for maintaining the valve atany desired distance oif its seat, and

' means forlimiting the upward movement of the valve, an air-pressurepipe communicating with the reservoir, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a working cylinder, 2. piston therein, a toolconnected to the said piston, an oil-reservoir, a passage formingcommunication between the lower portion of the oil-reservoir and thelower portion of the working cylinder, a valve in said passage, meansfor adjusting said valve, a controllingvalve, a casing therefor, a pipeleadingvfrom said casing to the upper end of the working cylinder, and apipe leading from the casing -to the upper end of the reservoir, anexhaustpipe and an air-pressure pipe communicating with the valvecasing, substantially as described.

'10. The combination of a working cylinder, a piston therein connectedto the drill or other tool to be operated, an oil-reservoir, apassageforming communication between the oil-reservoir and the workingcylinder, a cylinder mounted above the oil-reservoir, a piston in theoil-reservoir and having a plunger working in the cylinder, avalve-casing, a controllingvalve therein, a pipe leading from thevalve-casing to the upper portion of the working cylinder, and a pipeleading from the valve-casing to the upper portion of theplunger-cylinder, an air-pipe and exhaustpipe communicating with thevalve-casing, substantially as described.

11. The combination of aworkingcylinder, a piston therein connected tothe drill or other tool to be operated, an oil-reservoir, apassageforming communication between the oil-res ervoir and the workingcylinder, a cylinder mounted above the oil-reservoir, a piston in theoil-reservoir, and having a plunger working in the cylinder, avalvecasing, a controlling-valve therein, a pipe leading from thevalve-casing to the upper portion of the work ing cylinder, and a pipeleading from the valve casing to the upper portion of theplunger-cylinder, an air-pipe and exhaustpipe communicating with thevalve-casing, with a stop-valve in the passage leading from the workingcylinder to the reservoir, substantially as described.

12. The combination of the working cylinder, a piston therein, a rod, atool connected to said rod, areservoir for liquid, apassage leading fromthe liquid-reservoir to the working cylinder, a valve in said passagefor limiting the flow of liquid through the passage, a stopvalve also inthe passage, a controlling-valve casing, a valve therein, a pipe leadingfrom the valve-casing to the liquid-reservoir, the stop-valve andcontrolling-valve being connected so as to operate in unison,substantially as described.

13. The combination of a drill or other tool with a feeding devicetherefor, said device including a cylinder and a piston within the sameoperatively connected to said tool,

means for exerting fluid-pressure on one side of thepiston, means forcontrolling the'flow of fluid from the portion of the cylinder on theother side of the piston, and a normally open valve constructed toautomatically open toe. greater or less extent as the direction of flowof fluid through it is changed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses:

' WM. 6. ARMOR, MARY E. minus.

